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Durin is the name of seven Kings of Dwarves in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. They were held by the Dwarves to be the reincarnations of the first one, Durin the Deathless, resembling him in appearance and said to have preserved memories of their 'earlier lives'. Tolkien took the name ''Durin'', like most of the dwarf names in his work, from Norse mythology. This he later explained by the translation fiction: since Tolkien's invented language of Westron was translated with English, the language of Dale, used by Dwarves for their "outer" names, was translated with Old Norse. One way the original Old Norse term ''durinn'' can be translated, appropriately, is "sleepy".〔Day, ''The Hobbit Companion'', p. 51, ISBN 1-74051-827-6〕 Discussions of the Durins (specifically in ''The Peoples of Middle-earth'') must be read with care, since their number expanded as Tolkien's story developed. The Durin killed by the Balrog for example, was originally Durin III, but Durin VI in ''The Lord of the Rings''. (And a common typo on the Web lists him as "Durin IV".) == Durin the Deathless == Durin the Deathless was the eldest of the Seven Fathers of the Dwarves. Durin was created by Aulë the Vala during the First Age. He was named "the Deathless" as he lived to a far greater age than any other Dwarf, and he was revered by all Dwarves as the eldest of their race. Each of the seven Fathers founded a house of Dwarves. Durin's house was called the ''Longbeards''. His people were known as ''Durin's folk''. According to the traditions of the Dwarves, he was set to sleep alone beneath Mount Gundabad in the north of the Misty Mountains, which remained a sacred place to them ever after. He awakened some time after the creation of the Elves in , and according to an early version of the story〔''The Peoples of Middle-earth'', p. 322.〕 travelled great distances to other Dwarf kindreds, where other Dwarves joined him. He arrived at the Mirrormere, a lake in a valley below Caradhras in the Misty Mountains, and there founded what became the greatest and richest of the Mansions of the Dwarves: Khazad-dûm (Dwarrowdelf), afterward called Moria (meaning 'Dark Chasm' in Sindarin). In the published version of the story, Durin died before the end of the First Age.〔''The Return of the King'', Appendix A, part III.〕 An early version of Appendix B ("The Tale of Years") had him leading Dwarves from the ruin of Beleriand to found Khazad-dûm at the beginning of the Second Age;〔''The Peoples of Middle-earth'', p. 173.〕 but Tolkien abandoned that line. After Durin died, Khazad-dûm was ruled by "many generations" of his descendants, until the Balrog appeared in Moria. In this long line, Tolkien writes, there appeared occasionally "an heir so like to his Forefather that he received the name of Durin."〔''The Return of the King'', Appendix A, (III) "Durin's Folk".〕 More complete versions of the account of Durin's Folk〔''The Peoples of Middle-earth'', pp. 275, 279, 383.〕 make clear that the later Durins appeared scattered amongst many generations. These six further Durins were believed by the Dwarves to be reincarnations (or even reanimations) of Durin I, with memories of his earlier lives.〔''The Peoples of Middle-earth'', pp. 383-4.〕 In , during the unsuccessful attempt to recolonize Moria, Balin's party evidently found Durin's Axe.〔''The Fellowship of the Ring'', "The Bridge of Khazad-dûm".〕 Though not stated in the text, many Tolkien scholars have concluded that this was an heirloom lost when Durin VI was killed by the Balrog in 〔Robert Foster, ''Guide to Middle-earth'', "Durin's Axe".〕 (A helm is also mentioned, not identified in the text as Durin's, from which some have conjectured "Durin's Helm" as well.) The Axe was evidently lost again when Balin's party was killed in . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Durin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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